Andragogy and Microlearning
I have referenced microlearning in earlier posts, but I want to say more about how microlearning works effectively with andragogy (adult learning theory), which differs from the more commonly heard pedagogy (children).
Microlearning provides the flexible format and focused content that perfectly complements the goal-oriented, self-directed nature of the adult learner. (Not that children don't want their learning to be self-directed, but they are less capable of doing that on their own.) Andragogy principles are strengthened by microlearning's ability to combat the forgetting curve. Microlearning often incorporates spaced repetition through short, periodic knowledge checks or quizzes. By revisiting core concepts in brief intervals, the information is reinforced, helping to move the content from short-term to long-term memory, which is vital for busy adult learners who may not have dedicated study time.
Adult learners, by definition, value autonomy and prefer to be self-directed in their education. So, microlearning modules are typically accessed on demand via mobile devices or learning platforms. Much of that learning occurs outside of traditional learning spaces. This allows adults to choose what they need to learn and when it fits into their busy personal and professional schedules, fully supporting their desire to take control of their learning path.
Adults are motivated to learn when the content is immediately relevant and can be applied to solve a real-life problem or job-related task. Each microlearning module is intentionally designed to focus on one specific learning objective. That might be "how to change the blade on a lawn mower," but also 'how to execute X function in the software." This problem-centered focus provides just-in-time training, ensuring the information is practical, immediately useful, and valuable for their current role.
Adults are most ready to learn when they encounter a specific need or challenge in their work or life.
Younger learners are more likely to accept the "authority" of the teacher that something needs to be learned at this time, even if they don't see a need for it themselves. It's not that younger learners don't sometimes do the same kind of "just in time," self-motivated learning. They might search for a video on how to do something when starting a task. But this is more likely to occur with older learners.
Adult learners have accumulated a wealth of experience and are often battling time shortages. They need efficient learning that builds on what they already know. Microlearning usually respects the adult's time by eliminating filler and focusing only on the "need-to-know" core information.
AI chatbots are certainly the latest form of just-in-time microlearning that is being used outside classrooms. Its use is not unlike someone earlier looking for a help video on YouTube, but it is incredibly fast and personalized.
Coursera’s CEO, 
When I was teaching in a high school, I used to tell students (and faculty) that we were not preparing them for jobs. I was sure many of our students would end up in jobs with titles that did not exist then. There is a song by The Byrds from the 1960s titled "So You Wanna Be a Rock 'n' Roll Star." In 2024, it could be "So You Want To Be An AI Prompt Engineer."